Welfare Reform Package: Helping Individuals Help Themselves Essay exam

It is nearly impossible to support one particular stance on the political spectrum for societal issues across the board. I have always placed myself in the libertarian category on the political spectrum, in the sense that I believe the government should refrain from passing laws that impose on individual freedom and support privatization and the free market. When it comes to the welfare state, I don’t think that the key to a successful reform necessarily lies in the cutting back of government spending, but rather a redistribution of the budget. I recognize the need for government assistance but firmly believe that more emphasis needs to be put on providing opportunities for individuals through job training, education, and work subsidies. As the American Political Science Association discussed, in their report on the rising inequalities present in democratic America, â€Å"Americans accept economic inequalities only when they are sure that everyone has an equal chance to get ahead† (APSA, 2004). The welfare state in the US was formulated as part of Roosevelt’s â€Å"New Deal† in response to the Great Depression of the 1930s. During that time, welfare was intended to provide aid to widows with children, while helping to support farm workers and stimulating the agricultural sector by using surplus as food aid. This era paved the way for social security, emergency relief funds, and created the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC). The 1960s brought the second large wave of welfare reform with Lyndon Johnson’s â€Å"Great Society† legislation. Johnson waged a â€Å"war† on poverty by increasing social services and drastically increasing the population receiving AFDC. The subsequent decades brought about debate as attempts at welfare reductio... ...cation and creating a climate in which a more educated population is possible would create more opportunity and reduce the passing of welfare dependence from generation to generation. Works Cited Alesina, A., & Glaeser, E. L. (2004). Fighting poverty in the us and europe: A world of difference. Oxford: Oxford University Press. American Political Science Association. (2004). ASPA task force report: American democracy in an age of rising inequality. Perspectives on Politics, 2(4), 651-666. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/3688533 Bane, M. J., & Mead, L. M. (2003). Lifting up the poor: A dialogue on religion, poverty & welfare reform. Washington, D.C.: The Brookings Institution Georgetown University Morgen, S., Acker, J., & Weigt, J. (2010). Stretched thin: Poor families, welfare work, and welfare reform. New York: Cornell University.

Candide and Enlightenment

Voltaire’s Candide both supported and challenged traditional enlightenment viewpoints through the use of fictional ‘non-western’ perspectives. Candide mockingly contradicts the typical Enlightenment belief that man is naturally good and can be master over his own destiny (optimism). Candide faces many hardships that are caused by the cruelty of man (such as the war between the Bulgars and Abares, Cunegonde being raped, etc) and events that are beyond his control (the earthquake in Lisbon).Voltaire did not believe that a perfect God (or any God) has to exist; he mocked the idea that the world must be completely good, and he makes fun of this idea throughout Candide. He also makes fun of the philosophers of the time, because the philosophers in the novel talk a lot, do nothing, and solve no problems at all. Candide also makes a mockery of the aristocracy’s notion of superiority by birth. Voltaire also addresses the corruption of the religious figures and the church thus â€Å"destroying and challenging the â€Å"Sacred Circle†. Voltaire’s Candide is the story of one man’s trials and sufferings through life. The main character is Candide. Candide is portrayed as a wanderer. He grew up in the Castle of the Baron of Westphalia, who was his mother’s brother and was taught by, Dr. Pangloss, the greatest philosopher of the whole world. Pangloss taught Candide that everything that happens is for the best. Candide is exiled from the castle because of his love for the Baron’s daughter, Cunegonde. He then sets out to different places in the hope of finding her and achieving total happiness. Candide thought that everything happened for the best because the greatest philosopher taught him that, but everyone around him did not accept that theory. The optimistic Pangloss and Candide, suffer and witness a wide variety of horrors: beating, rapes, robberies, unjust executions, disease,and an earthquake, These things do not serve any apparent greater good, but be a sign of the cruelty and madness of humanity and the lack of sympathy of the natural world. Pangloss manages to find justification for the terrible things in the world, but his arguments are sometimes stupid, for example, when the Anabaptist is about to drown he stops Candide from saving him because he claims that the Bay of Lisbon had been formed specifically for the drowning of the Anabaptist. Other characters, such as the old woman, Martin, and Cacambo, have all reached more pessimistic conclusions about humanity and the world because of past experiences. One problem with Pangloss’ optimism was that it was not based on the real world, but on abstract arguments of philosophy. In the story of Candide, philosophy repeatedly proves to be useless and even destructive. It prevents characters from making realistic judgment of the world around them and from taking positive action to change hostile situations. Candide lies under debris after the Lisbon earthquake and Pangloss ignores his requests for oil and wine and instead struggles to prove the causes of the earthquake. In another scenario, Pangloss is telling Candide of how he contracting venereal disease from Paquette, and how it came from one of Christopher Columbus’ men. He tells Candide that venereal disease was necessary because now Europeans were able to enjoy new world delicacies, like chocolate. The character Candide was the nephew of the Baron of Thunder-ten-tronckh, whose sister, was Candide’s mother. The baron’s sister, refused to marry Candide’s father because he only had seventy-one quarterings (noble lineages) in his coat of arms, while her own coat of arms had seventy-two (Candide, 1). This exaggeration makes the aristocracy’s concern over the subtleties of birth look ridiculous. Candide explores the hypocrisy that was rampant in the Church and the cruelty of the clergy using a variety of satirical and ironic situations such as, the Lisbon earthquake that kills tens of thousands of people and damages three fourth of Lisbon; still the Portuguese Inquisition decides to perform an auto-da-fe’ to appease God and prevent another disaster. This serves no purpose because another earthquake strikes in the middle of the hanging of Pangloss and beating of Candide. Church officials in Candide are portrayed as being among the most sinful of all citizens; having mistresses, engaging in homosexual affairs, and operating as jewel thieves. The most ridiculous example of hypocrisy in the Church is the fact that a Pope has a daughter despite his vows of celibacy. Other examples are the Portuguese Inquisitor, who takes Cunegonde for a mistress, who hangs Pangloss and executes his fellow citizens over philosophical differences, and orders Candide to beaten for, â€Å"listening with an air of approval† (Candide, 13) to the opinions of Pangloss; and a Franciscan friar who is a jewel thief, despite the vow of poverty taken by members of the Franciscan order. Finally, Voltaire introduces a Jesuit colonel with marked homosexual tendenci es. The Enlightenment belief, in which a perfect society should be controlled by reforming existing institutions, is made to appear ridiculous, while erhaps all that Voltaire wanted to do was to present the history of his century with the worst abominations. It was probably Voltaire's ability to challenge all authority that was his greatest contribution to Enlightenment values. He questioned his own parenthood and his morals to express his ideas to the world of Enlightenment through the novel Candide. In particular, the novel makes fun of those who think that human beings can endlessly improve themselves and their environment. Voltaire expresses his beliefs on optimism, philosophical speculation, and religion through the main character. Candide, The main character of the novel, is set adrift in a hostile world and unsuccessfully tries to hold on to his optimistic belief that this â€Å"is the best of all possible worlds† as his tutor, Pangloss, keeps insisting. He travels throughout Europe, South America, and the Middle East, and on the way he encounters many terrible natural disasters. Candide is a good-hearted but hopelessly naive.

Essay about Analysis of Song How to Save A Life by The Fray

The Frays hit song, How To Save a Life, tells a story of a mentor, also a friend, who is trying to save a life of a troubled youth. The story starts off with the teenager and this friend sitting down to have a talk about what is wrong in the teen?s life. The second line reads, he walks, you say sit down its just a talk, this showing anger and fear of what might be brought up in conversation, so he tries to run away from the problem. Although neither individual wants to have the talk, they both respect each other enough to be polite, He smiles politely back at you/ You stare politely right on through. Then the narrator mentions a metaphorical window to your right/As he goes left and you stay right, which is telling us,†¦show more content†¦Then it is told that, ?he will do one of two things/he will admit to everything/or hell say hes just not the same,? which is meaning he might come out and say he needs help and stay, or he might leave and never return. The last verse ends with, ?and youll begin to wonder why you came,? once again, any which way telling us that even at the end of the conversation he is doubting his skills to help the youth. The chorus takes place in the mind of the mentor, ?where did I go wrong?/I lost a friend/somewhere along in the bitterness/and I would have stayed up with you all night/had I known how to save a life.? He is, at heart, telling himself he failed to save someone because he didn?t know how. The very first line of the song the lyrics read, ?step one, you say we need to talk,? which is obviously tryi ng to give a step-by-step detail of how someone would go about having a difficult talk with someone who may be ruining their life. The song was written to guide someone to help those in need. In an interview that Christian radio personality, Stan Friedman, had with Isaac Slade, the Fray?s lead vocalist, Friedman mentions, ?The title track to How to Save a Life recounts Slades mentoring relationship with a teenager at a Christian halfway house who seemed hell-bent on destroying himself?but, fortunately, did not? (Christian Music Today). In the same interview Slade says:Show MoreRelatedThe Death and Madness of Ophelia1248 Words   |  5 PagesPolonius, King of Denmark) begins to go mad, as well, after Hamlet kills her father, and the other numerous tragedies that plague her like a black cloud hovering about until her untimely death. In this literary analysis I will ask, and attempt to explain the symbolism behind the riddles, mad songs, rhymes, and death of Ophelia. Also, Queen Gertrude’s announcement of Ophelias death has been seen as one of the most influentially poetic death announcements in literature. Whether Ophelia killed herselfRead MoreEMI Corporate Finance Essay7263 Words   |  30 Pagesif EMI was to maintain its independence. EMI With a storied history that included such names as the Beatles, the Beach Boys, Pink Floyd, and Duran Duran, it was not difficult to understand why EMI considered its current and historical catalog of songs and recordings among the best in the world. EMI, Warner Music Group, Sony BMG Music Entertainment, and Universal Music Group, collectively known as â€Å"the majors,† dominated the music industry in the early 21st century and accounted for more than two-thirdsRead MoreSocial Media Business Model Analysis - Case Tencent, Facebook, and Myspace34799 Words   |  140 Pagesl Social Media Business Model Analysis - Case Tencent, Facebook, and Myspace Logistics Masters thesis Xiaoyan Hu 2011 Department of Information and Service Economy Aalto University School of Economics ABSTRACT The term of social media is becoming increasingly popular presently, the amount of social media users is growing dramatically, and the monetization of social media has been discussed in publications but not in details. Nowadays, the most frequently used approach to make money forRead MoreSocial Media Business Model Analysis - Case Tencent, Facebook, and Myspace34799 Words   |  140 Pagesl Social Media Business Model Analysis - Case Tencent, Facebook, and Myspace Logistics Master s thesis Xiaoyan Hu 2011 Department of Information and Service Economy Aalto University School of Economics ABSTRACT The term of social media is becoming increasingly popular presently, the amount of social media users is growing dramatically, and the monetization of social media has been discussed in publications but not in details. 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The Law Of The United States - 1512 Words

For example, creating the precedent in Republic Steel that requires an employee fired in violation of the NLRA to find another similar job as soon as possible to mitigate damages or risk the being awarded back pay or the legally unsupported Brown University case, decided by one of the most conservative Boards in recent history, held, â€Å"as a matter of policy,† that graduate student workers were students and, and, therefore, could not be employees as defined by the NLRA. Republic Steel, Dannin, supra note 44 at 260–63. Id. See Consol. Edison Co. v. NLRB, 305 U.S. 197, 220 (1938) (holding that the power of the Board to punish an employer who violates the NLRA is â€Å"remedial, not punitive.†); Republic Steel Corp. v. NLRB, 311 U.S. 7, 10†¦show more content†¦Morris ed. 1987) (â€Å"the NLRB has not only failed to prevent unfair labor practices, but has actually encouraged their commission because its processes and remedies are so ineffective.†); Martha S. West, The Case Against Reinstatement in Wrongful Discharge, 1988 U. ILL L. REV. 1 25-29, 64 (1988) (finding that the current remedies available to the NLRB are ineffective in preventing employers from committing unfair labor practices); Robert M Worster III, Casenote: If It’s Hardly Worth Doing, It’s Hardly Worth Doing Right: How the NLRA’s Goals Are Defeated Through Inadequate Remedies, 38, U. RICH. L. REV. 1073, 1083 (2004) (â€Å"[l]abor law is so weak that companies often treat the minor penalties as a routine cost of doing business, not a deterrent against violations.†). Henry S. Drummonds, Reforming Labor Law by Reforming Labor Law Preemption Doctrine to Allow the States to Make More Labor Relations Policy, 70 LA. L. REV. 97, 120 (2009). â€Å"It shall be an unfair labor practice for an employer . . . by discrimination in regard to hire or tenure of employment or any term or condition of employment to encourage or discourage membership i n any labor organization.† National Labor Relations Act  § 160. Morris M. Kleiner David Weil, Evaluating the Effectiveness of National Labor Relations Act Remedies: Analysis and Comparison with other Workplace Penalty Policies, in RESEARCH HANDBOOK ON THE ECONOMICS

Individual Psychology in the Real World - 809 Words

Individual psychology is a theory developed by Alfred Alder to explain human personality and the behaviors that stem from that personality. His personality theory regards people in a positive light especially in their potential to overcome physical disabilities and the feelings of inferiority that stem from them. Individual psychology can also be used to explain underlying causes of mental and physical disorders. Susan E. Belangee in her article â€Å"Couples and Eating Disorders: An Individual Psychology Approach† examines the factors that lead to eating disorders and how eating disorders affect adult intimate relationships through Adler’s personality theory. Belangee deems individual psychology as an effective approach to treating eating disorders. Examining eating disorders through individual psychology expands one’s understanding of personality and how its development can lead to issues such as eating disorders. Viewing eating disorders in such a way is al so consistent with other research and provides a useful application of the theory through its use in therapy. According to Belangee (2007) most of the research regarding couples and marriage implicates that marriage can prolong eating disorders especially if the intimate relationship is unsatisfying and a source of stress (pp. 294-295). More recent research has shown that married women may have more severe symptoms due to being older than unmarried individuals suffering from eating disorders but there is little dataShow MoreRelatedEnvironmental Psychology875 Words   |  4 PagesEnvironmental Psychology Olubunmi Ruby Akinsanya Environmental Psychology/460 10/5/2010 Richard Hill Title of Paper Why do individuals act differently in different social settings? Environmental Psychology is the field of psychology which studies the way human behavior is affected by their environment. 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Communication Sytem Free Essays

At the very beginning the message is encoded in a particular channel then it is sent and as soon as it is sent the message gets decoded by the receiver and then a feedback is sent back to let the sender know that message was received and understood.The functions are very simple and easy, communication is used for exchanging information, instructions, opinions and reinforce the establishment of all the relationships and even discuss problems. Through this, organizations meritoriously communicate with their employee’s by giving instructions and informing them about NY changes in the organization. We will write a custom essay sample on Communication Sytem or any similar topic only for you Order Now They also use it to motivate or even argue with some employees and it also helps to ask for approval or even show proposals in particular. The functions of communication are very simple that is required to forward clear-cut information only to the proposed precipitant in a suitable way. It should help identifying the users needs and wants. Telephonic devices:- Its is a primary source of communication, that can be used between two or even more individuals. Video and web conferencing:- A form of visual communication used by the organization to connect with their outer source ND their shareholders Social networking sites:- Each organization has page in the social networking sites in order to keep their customers, fans updated with their all new and their upcoming products. Online chat tools:- This tool is used mainly between the customers and organization. For example:- An Apple’s customer has a problem with of the Apple products and it is late at night or even the customer is far from any Apple repair shop so this chat tool is to connect them. Fax:- Fax machines are an old sources of communication, which still exists. It provides the exact copies of comments, which is made through telecommunication. People who use this tool are suppliers, managers, Employees, etc. Emails:- They are electronically letters that are sent electronically to a number of accounts. It is one of the most preferred tools. Managers, suppliers, employees, government, and customers use it. Letters:- It is a written form of communication. Reports:- written reports of an earlier investigations and observations. Posters:- it is large printed posters that is a mixture of drawings, pictures and written information that is mainly used advertising, publication etc. It used used by government, supervisors to customers, suppliers and the general public. Flyers:- It is given out to large amount of people, it’s a form of advertising. Organizations, suppliers and government to the customers and the general public use it. Billboards:- Large boards that is placed outside used for advertisements or even announcements. MEMO:- It provides the organization with permanent records for internal messages which also adds formality to internal communication. Meetings:- It helps with knowing everyone’s ideas and opinions and discuses the ideas and also discuses did range of problems and resolve them. Training:-it provides the employees a better knowledge about the up coming products with the upcoming software’s. Advertisements:- It is an important tool in Apple. Len, to communicate with their customers. They use different types of advertisement tools such as news paper adds, magazines, websites, social media, news letters, television ads, Youth ads etc. Time: – The time that is needed in order to prepare a message and the time time that is needed to forward the message by any form of tool, when there is a solution within he urgency of the message then only Apple can choose a form of communication. Distance:- The distance the message travels in by any form of tool. Apple needs to consider how much time will a massage need to be transmitted. Written records:- Written records can be used as proof, conformation, legal purposes or even stored which also can be copied and sent to the other party. Feed back:- For an effective communication instant feedback is needed. Confidentiality:- Due to the tools that are chosen the confidentiality might be lost. Such as telephone calls can be over heard, mails can be hacked, faxes can be read by any standing by the machine and letters can be read. Recipient:- Apple needs to consider the type of recipient in order for it send the message to be sent. Cost:- The cost of the message must not exceed the cost, in which Apple needs to find the least conceivable expense. Telephone:- Telephonic conversation needs time, confidentiality and the distance needs to looked after. The telephonic conversations are one of the steadiest ways to communicate to any one, but according to research, Apple uses this to communicate tit their shareholders. And it also depends on the urgency of the information that needs quick actions upon it. This tool could be taken as a confidential tool to exchange or pass out information. Even though, this tool is an easy way of communicating with all their shareholders but there are cases were there will be a problem with networking system or no response from the other person. So if the information is very important and can’t wait. And incase of international calls, Apple has to check the time zone. Even if it is the fastest and easiest but the risk beaming. Over-heard is heard. Emails:- It is one o the tools that communication in an easy to the customers, stakeholders this is where are able to communicate faster. They can send their feed distance is a no problem, emails can be sent to were ever the stakeholder is delivered easily. Some times, stakeholders don’t replay back to emails sent due to some reasons. 3. 3 – Implement improvements to ensure greater integration of systems of communication in Apple Inc. Apple is all about simple marketing and effective communication, but there is always room for simplicity. According to Apple it should be smarter, functional, better and easier to use, they have this thing as that the business is all about problems and solving them for some one else, so the simplify all the process for all the clients. Apple’s communication are:- Apple’s images Apple’s connections Apple associates weak communication with weak product or the opposite. To Apple,Len. Visual matters are very important, Apple’s ads has lots of white space in it, they are designed that show the sense of openness. So it makes it easy on the customers to understand the key message. There commercials aren’t even the length of a song but within the few that short minute the message is understood and it makes customers want the new lunching product. Its like you understand what they want you to understand. â€Å"Corporate communications teams need to Join the dots between strategy, behaviors and technology, to improve the flow and quality of communication and collaboration. † 3. 4 – Create personal plan to improve own personal communication skills. How to cite Communication Sytem, Papers

Documents For Purpose Of Deceiving Others â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Documents For Purpose Of Deceiving Others? Answer: Introducation Directing Mind and Will- Doctrine was introduced by the law for the purpose of determining the liability of the corporation in both civil and criminal wrong conduct by the agents and servants of the company. In this theory law consider the mind collectively and individually of the person who directs the management of the company, the mind of the company itself. This doctrine is known as the doctrine of Directing mind and will. In case law DPP v. Kent and Sussex Contractors Ltd, Court held that company was liable under two offences that were, company made statement which was not true and company use false documents for the purpose of deceiving others. Therefore, Divisional Court stated that company was held liable for both the offences, because officers of the company had intention to deceive. This intention of the officers of the company will be considered as intention of the company itself. There is one more case law Sugarloaf Hill Nominees Pty Ltd v Rewards Projects Ltd [2011] WASC 19. In this case, Supreme Court of Australia recently considers this doctrine and makes the company liable for the acts of directors. High Court stated that this doctrine is based on the principle where individual is or individual are considered as representative of the organization. This law was recently considered by Australian Court in business-law Krakowski v Eurolynx Properties Ltd (1995) 183 CLR 563. In this case, court made the corporate responsible on the basis of the knowledge of corporate officers. In case Salomon v Salomon, Court held that after the incorporation of the company it is considered as the separate legal entity. In other words, it is considered as new legal entity which is separate from its members. In case law, Peate v Federal Commissioner of Taxation Court stated Company is the new person in the eyes of law. Organization is considered as separate legal entity and its assets and liabilities are different from its members and directors. It must be noted that only company is liable for breaches of contracts and other liabilities, but this fundamental principal is rejected by Court in some cases. Court lifts the corporate veil for the purpose of making the members liable. In some particular situations court has power to lift the corporate veil, which means creditors and third parties has right to access the assets of members and directors of the company. In case of corporate group, creditors has right to access the assets of the subsidiary company. It must be noted that Court lifts the corporate veil in very exceptional cases and not in every case, because of which it becomes difficult to explain the exact reasons of lifting the corporate veil. Generally, piercing of corporate veil is done by the Court when any person uses the identity of corporate for dishonest and improper purpose. Rogers AJA said in case Briggs v James Hardie Co Pty, there was no fundamental principle which defines the occasional decision of Court to Pierce the corporate veil. Reference: Briggs v James Hardie Co Pty Ltd (1989) 16 NSWLR 549. D.P.P. v Kent and Sussex Contractors Ltd [1944] K.B. 146). Krakowski v Eurolynx Properties Ltd (1995) 183 CLR 563. Peate v Federal Commissioner of Taxation - [1966] HCA 29. Salomon v A Salomon and Co Ltd [1897] AC 22. Sugarloaf Hill Nominees Pty Ltd v Rewards Projects Ltd [2011] WASC 19.